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About 600 years later the Muslims repaired the Temple Mount complex, renewed its walls and gates and built on it the Dome of the Rock and the El Aksa mosques. It was destroyed in the year 70 CE by the Romans. Herod's construction is known for its magnificence and great beauty. The returning exiles from Babylon laid the foundations of the Second Temple in the same place in 536 BCE and after about 500 years Herod extended the Temple Mount and rebuilt the Temple on it. King Solomon built the First Temple, which was destroyed by the Babylonians in the year 586 BCE, on the Mount. David bought Mount Moriah from Araunah the Jebusite for the purpose of building the Temple here. Mount Moriah, on which Abraham bound Isaac, is hidden under this huge stone 'container' with which Herod enclosed the mountain. This complex was constructed by King Herod the Great and he encompassed Mount Moriah from the south, from the west and from the north with enormous supporting walls when he rebuilt the Temple towards the end of the Second Temple Period. The huge complex, which has at its centre today the Dome of the Rock mosque, is the Temple Mount, a part of whose massive walls can still be seen surrounding the area. The remains of Jewish pilgrims' inscriptions from the Middle Ages have survived on the inside of the gate frame. In medieval times people prayed here facing the gate. In Second Temple times one of the gates of the Temple – the Shushan Gate, or as it was also known, the East Gate, stood here it would seem. The gate structure is older than the construction of the Turkish wall and it has on it artistic representations from various periods. The gate has two openings and they have both been blocked off for many years. The Golden Gate (called the Gate of Mercy in Hebrew) is situated in the eastern wall of the Temple Mount, opposite the Mount of Olives. In the battle for Jerusalem in the Six Day War, a force of the Paratroops Brigade broke into the Old City through this gate.

It would seem that they were taken from somewhere else in the country and positioned here as a secondary use. These cheetahs are the emblem of the Mameluke Sultan Bibars. It is called the Lions' Gate after the two lions (they are actually cheetahs) engraved on both sides of the gate's façade. This gate was built between 1538-1539 and is located in the north-eastern part of the wall of the Old City, in the area of the Muslim Quarter. The Lions' Gate is the name of one the gates of the Old City of Jerusalem. Today it also houses the Jerusalem District offices of the Antiquities Authority.

After the unification of the city at the end of the war from being an independent museum it became an extension of the archaeology section of the Israel Museum. In 1967, in the Six Day War, there was much hard fighting between the Israel and Jordan armies close to the Museum. The Museum was inaugurated in 1938 when it served as the official museum of the British Mandate and housed the offices of the Antiquities Department of the Mandatory Government.Īfter the War of Independence the Museum was in Jordanian territory and was managed by a scientific board of directors, but was nationalized by King Hussein in 1966. The Museum was built from contributions of the American philanthropist, John D. The Museum has a particularly special building that is regarded as one of the finest in Jerusalem. The museum has many important historical exhibits from the area of Jerusalem and from the whole of the Land of Israel. The Rockefeller Museum is a history and archaeology museum that is situated opposite the north wall of the Old City. Some agricultural equipment that was used in this "agricultural backyard" of Jerusalem in various periods was discovered here (some of which has been left where it was and other parts have been taken away for preservation and future restoration). (42 acres) and is part of the National Park around the walls of Jerusalem. The Emek Tzurim Park lies in the upper reaches of the Kidron Valley, to the north-east of the Old City wall.